Cardiac stimulant

A cardiac stimulant is a substance which acts as a stimulant of the heart -- for example, via positive chronotropic or inotropic action.

Examples of cardiac stimulant drugs are cocaine^[1] and methamphetamine.

References

^ Billman GE (November 1993). "Intracellular calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM, prevents cocaine-induced ventricular fibrillation". Am. J. Physiol. 265 (5 Pt 2): H1529–35. PMID 8238564. http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8238564.

Pharmacology: major drug groups

Gastrointestinal tract/metabolism (A)	stomach acid (Antacids, H₂ antagonists, Proton pump inhibitors) • Antiemetics • Laxatives • Antidiarrhoeals/Antipropulsives • Anti-obesity drugs • Anti-diabetics • Vitamins • Dietary minerals

Blood and blood forming organs (B)	Antithrombotics (Antiplatelets, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics/fibrinolytics) • Antihemorrhagics (Platelets, Coagulants, Antifibrinolytics)

Cardiovascular system (C)	cardiac therapy/antianginals (Cardiac glycosides, Antiarrhythmics, Cardiac stimulants) Antihypertensives • Diuretics • Vasodilators • Beta blockers • Calcium channel blockers • renin-angiotensin system (ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Renin inhibitors) Antihyperlipidemics (Statins, Fibrates, Bile acid sequestrants)

Skin (D)	Emollients • Cicatrizants • Antipruritics • Antipsoriatics • Medicated dressings

Genitourinary system (G)	Hormonal contraception • Fertility agents • SERMs • Sex hormones

Endocrine system (H)	Hypothalamic-pituitary hormones • Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids) • Sex hormones • Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents

Infections and infestations (J, P, QI)	Antimicrobials: Antibacterials (Antimycobacterials) • Antifungals • Antivirals • Antiparasitics (Antiprotozoals, Anthelmintics, Ectoparasiticides) • IVIG • Vaccines

Malignant disease (L01-L02)	Anticancer agents (Antimetabolites, Alkylating, Spindle poisons, Antineoplastic, Topoisomerase inhibitors)

Immune disease (L03-L04)	Immunomodulators (Immunostimulants, Immunosuppressants)

Muscles, bones, and joints (M)	Anabolic steroids • Anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) • Antirheumatics • Corticosteroids • Muscle relaxants • Bisphosphonates

Brain and nervous system (N)	Analgesics • Anesthetics (General, Local) • Anorectics • Anti-ADHD Agents • Antiaddictives • Anticonvulsants • Antidementia Agents • Antidepressants • Antimigraine Agents • Antiparkinson's Agents • Antipsychotics • Anxiolytics • Depressants • Entactogens • Entheogens • Euphoriants • Hallucinogens (Psychedelics, Dissociatives, Deliriants) • Hypnotics/Sedatives • Mood Stabilizers • Neuroprotectives • Nootropics • Neurotoxins • Orexigenics • Serenics • Stimulants • Wakefulness-Promoting Agents

Respiratory system (R)	Decongestants • Bronchodilators • Cough medicines • H₁ antagonists

Sensory organs (S)	Ophthalmologicals • Otologicals

Other ATC (V)	Antidotes • Contrast media • Radiopharmaceuticals • Dressings

Cardiac stimulants excluding cardiac glycosides (C01C)

Adrenergic and
dopaminergic agents

Adrenergic agonists

α	Metaraminol • Phenylephrine • Methoxamine • Norfenefrine • Oxedrine • Midodrine • Mephentermine

β	Dobutamine • Arbutamine • Isoprenaline • Prenalterol

mixed	Amezinium metilsulfate • Epinephrine # • Norepinephrine • Etilefrine

Dopamine agonists

Fenoldopam

Both

Dopamine # • Dopexamine • Ibopamine • Octopamine

Unknown/ungrouped

Dimetofrine • Gepefrine • Cafedrine • Theodrenaline

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE3I)

Amrinone • Milrinone • Enoximone • Bucladesine

Other cardiac stimulants

Angiotensinamide • Xamoterol • Levosimendan

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. Clinical trials: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III

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